The 1.2 million Western Baluch of Pakistan are part of a larger Baluch community of nearly 9 million people whose homeland straddles the borders of Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan.
The Baluch have overcome the obstacles of living in an extremely harsh, arid climate. They make their living as farmers (their chief crop being wheat) and as semi-nomadic shepherds (raising sheep, cattle and goats).
Prior to the coming of Islam, the Baluch were probably followers of Zoroaster, but today they are Sunni Muslims. Their societies are organized into clans and tribes ruled by male elders and, ultimately, chiefs.
Changing economic and political conditions have made the individual Baluch increasingly independent, thus weakening the position of the chiefs. In many areas, people no longer know where they stand socially or politically.
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